First to Five
October Term 2014No. 13-1314

No. 13-1314 OT2014

Arizona State Legislature v.Arizona Independent Redistricting Commission

576 U.S. 787 (2015)

The Question

1. Do the Elections Clause and 2 U.S.C. §2a(c) permit Arizona's use of a commission to adopt congressional districts?

2. Does the Arizona Legislature have standing to bring this suit?

The Holdings

1. The Elections Clause and 2 U.S.C. §2a(c) permit Arizona's voters to give redistricting to an independent commission created by initiative.

2. The Legislature has standing. It alleged an institutional injury.

The Votes

5 to 4: Ginsburg, Kennedy, Breyer, Sotomayor, Kagan / Roberts, Scalia, Thomas, Alito

Questions from the Court's docket. Holdings from the syllabus in 576 U.S. 787 (2015). Votes from the judgment line, confirmed by Supreme Court Database 2026_01. Details below. Opinion

IQuestion presented

Further consideration of the question of jurisdiction is postponed to the hearing of the case on the merits limited to the following questions: 1) Do the Elections Clause of the United States Constitution and 2 U. S. C. §2a(c) permit Arizona's use of a commission to adopt congressional districts? 2) Does the Arizona Legislature have standing to bring this suit?

Facts

Until 2000, the Arizona State Constitution granted the State Legislature the ability to draw congressional districts, subject to the possibility of a gubernatorial veto. In 2000, the Arizona voters passed Proposition 106, which amended the state constitution to remove the congressional redistricting power from the legislature and vest it in the newly created Arizona Independent Redistricting Commission (IRC). In 2012, after the IRC approved a new congressional district map, the legislature sued the IRC and argued that Proposition 106 violated the Elections Clause of the federal Constitution by removing redistricting authority from the legislature and therefore that the new district map was unconstitutional and void. The legislature also requested that the district court permanently enjoin the IRC from adopting, implementing, or enforcing the new congressional district map. The district court held that Proposition 106 did not violate the Elections Clause of the federal Constitution.

The two questions are the Court's jurisdiction order on the supremecourt.gov docket.

IITimeline

  1. Jurisdiction postponed Oct. 2, 2014
  2. Argued Mar. 2, 2015
  3. Decided June 29, 2015
  4. Judgment issued July 31, 2015

This case came to the Court on appeal, not certiorari. Release 2026_01 codes the jurisdiction as appeal and the cert reason as case did not arise on cert. The October 2, 2014 docket entry postponed jurisdiction to the argument.

Argument and decision: Supreme Court Database, release 2026_01 (CC BY-NC). Jurisdiction postponed and judgment issued: supremecourt.gov docket.

IIIParties, court below, and counsel

Petitioner
Arizona State Legislature

state legislature, house, or committee. Arizona.

Respondent · prevailed
Arizona Independent Redistricting Commission, et al.

state commission, board, committee, or authority. Arizona.

Court below

U.S. District Court for the District of Arizona. The database codes the lower-court disposition as affirmed. Oyez names the court below as a federal district court.

Counsel of record

  • Paul D. Clement. Appellant. Arizona State Legislature.
  • Paula S. Bickett. Appellee. Arizona Secretary of State Michele Reagan.
  • Seth P. Waxman. Appellee. Arizona Independent Redistricting Commission, et al.

Party names: Oyez (CC BY-NC). Party types and court below: Supreme Court Database, release 2026_01 (CC BY-NC). Counsel of record: supremecourt.gov docket.

IVArgument

Arguing counsel
AdvocateFor
Paul D. Clementfor the appellant
Eric J. FeiginAssistant to the Solicitor General, Department of Justice, for the United States as amicus curiae, for the appellees
Seth P. Waxmanfor the appellees

Audio is linked, not rehosted.

Oyez (CC BY-NC). Transcript: supremecourt.gov. Audio is linked, not rehosted.

VFilings

  1. Oct. 2, 2014 Jurisdiction postponed to the hearing on the merits.
  2. Mar. 2, 2015 Argued.
  3. June 29, 2015 Affirmed. Judgment line entered on the docket.
  4. July 31, 2015 Judgment issued.

The slip-opinion file returned 404 on 2026-10-07. The bound volume for 576 U.S. is the live Court PDF. The docket page is the filings log. It links the questions-presented PDF. It does not link a PDF for each brief.

supremecourt.gov docket.

VIOpinions and votes

Arizona's voters took congressional map-drawing from the legislature and gave it to an independent commission. The legislature sued and lost. The Court affirmed the district court, five to four. Justice Ginsburg wrote for the majority that the Elections Clause allows the commission. Chief Justice Roberts dissented, joined by Justices Scalia, Thomas, and Alito. Justices Scalia and Thomas also wrote separate dissents, and each joined the other.

A reading of the judgment line and the Oyez conclusion. It adds no facts beyond those sources.

U.S. Reports
576 U.S. 787 (2015)
Decided
June 29, 2015
Argued
Mar. 2, 2015
Vote
5–4
Disposition
Affirmed
Prevailing party
Respondent
Direction
Liberal (Supreme Court Database code)
Majority author
Ruth Bader Ginsburg
Issue area
Civil Rights
Issue
reapportionment: other than plans governed by the Voting Rights Act

Joins follow the judgment line on the Court's docket. The Supreme Court Database agrees on who voted with the majority and who wrote. The judgment line records no concurrence.

Votes in this file
Justice Vote Opinion
Ruth Bader Ginsburg Majority Majority opinion
Anthony M. Kennedy Majority Joined the majority
Elena Kagan Majority Joined the majority
Sonia Sotomayor Majority Joined the majority
Stephen G. Breyer Majority Joined the majority
Antonin Scalia Dissent Dissenting opinion
Clarence Thomas Dissent Dissenting opinion
John G. Roberts, Jr. Dissent Dissenting opinion
Samuel A. Alito, Jr. Dissent Joined the dissent

Votes and disposition: Supreme Court Database, release 2026_01 (CC BY-NC). Who joined: supremecourt.gov docket.

Where the majority and the dissent sat

On the published Martin-Quinn scores for October Term 2014, the majority runs from -2.16 to +0.47. The dissent runs from +1.25 to +3.54.

Martin-Quinn, October Term 2014
JusticeScoreVote
Ruth Bader Ginsburg -2.16 Majority
Sonia Sotomayor -1.92 Majority
Elena Kagan -1.40 Majority
Stephen G. Breyer -1.20 Majority
Anthony M. Kennedy +0.47 Majority
John G. Roberts, Jr. +1.25 Dissent
Antonin Scalia +1.95 Dissent
Samuel A. Alito, Jr. +2.48 Dissent
Clarence Thomas +3.54 Dissent

Martin-Quinn scores, October Term 2014, as already used on the homepage.

VIIFurther reading

Links only. These pages are not rehosted here.

VIIISources

Fields on this page
Field Value Source
Case Arizona State Legislature v. Arizona Independent Redistricting Commission Supreme Court Database, release 2026_01 (CC BY-NC).
Docket 13-1314 Supreme Court Database, release 2026_01 (CC BY-NC).
Term 2014 Supreme Court Database, release 2026_01 (CC BY-NC).
U.S. Reports 576 U.S. 787 (2015) Supreme Court Database, release 2026_01 (CC BY-NC). Official opinion: https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/boundvolumes/576bv.pdf#page=832
Supreme Court Reporter 135 S. Ct. 2652 Supreme Court Database, release 2026_01 (CC BY-NC).
Decided June 29, 2015 Supreme Court Database, release 2026_01 (CC BY-NC).
Argued Mar. 2, 2015 Supreme Court Database, release 2026_01 (CC BY-NC).
Vote 5–4 Supreme Court Database, release 2026_01 (CC BY-NC).
Disposition Affirmed Supreme Court Database, release 2026_01 (CC BY-NC).
Prevailing party Respondent Supreme Court Database, release 2026_01 (CC BY-NC).
Direction Liberal (Supreme Court Database code) Supreme Court Database, release 2026_01 (CC BY-NC).
Majority author Ruth Bader Ginsburg Supreme Court Database, release 2026_01 (CC BY-NC).
Issue area Civil Rights Supreme Court Database, release 2026_01 (CC BY-NC).
Issue reapportionment: other than plans governed by the Voting Rights Act Supreme Court Database, release 2026_01 (CC BY-NC).
Court below U.S. District Court for the District of Arizona Supreme Court Database, release 2026_01 (CC BY-NC).
Question presented Did Proposition 106 violate the Elections Clause of the federal Constitution by removing the congressional districting power from the state legislature? Oyez (CC BY-NC).
Vote Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Majority, Majority opinion Supreme Court Database, release 2026_01 (CC BY-NC).
Vote Anthony M. Kennedy, Majority, Joined the majority Supreme Court Database, release 2026_01 (CC BY-NC).
Vote Elena Kagan, Majority, Joined the majority Supreme Court Database, release 2026_01 (CC BY-NC).
Vote Sonia Sotomayor, Majority, Joined the majority Supreme Court Database, release 2026_01 (CC BY-NC).
Vote Stephen G. Breyer, Majority, Joined the majority Supreme Court Database, release 2026_01 (CC BY-NC).
Vote Antonin Scalia, Dissent, Dissenting opinion Supreme Court Database, release 2026_01 (CC BY-NC).
Vote Clarence Thomas, Dissent, Dissenting opinion Supreme Court Database, release 2026_01 (CC BY-NC).
Vote John G. Roberts, Jr., Dissent, Dissenting opinion Supreme Court Database, release 2026_01 (CC BY-NC).
Vote Samuel A. Alito, Jr., Dissent, Joined the dissent Supreme Court Database, release 2026_01 (CC BY-NC).
Martin-Quinn Ruth Bader Ginsburg, -2.16, Majority Homepage October Term 2014 scores
Martin-Quinn Sonia Sotomayor, -1.92, Majority Homepage October Term 2014 scores
Martin-Quinn Elena Kagan, -1.40, Majority Homepage October Term 2014 scores
Martin-Quinn Stephen G. Breyer, -1.20, Majority Homepage October Term 2014 scores
Martin-Quinn Anthony M. Kennedy, +0.47, Majority Homepage October Term 2014 scores
Martin-Quinn John G. Roberts, Jr., +1.25, Dissent Homepage October Term 2014 scores
Martin-Quinn Antonin Scalia, +1.95, Dissent Homepage October Term 2014 scores
Martin-Quinn Samuel A. Alito, Jr., +2.48, Dissent Homepage October Term 2014 scores
Martin-Quinn Clarence Thomas, +3.54, Dissent Homepage October Term 2014 scores

Cite

First to Five, Arizona State Legislature v. Arizona Independent Redistricting Commission, No. 13-1314, https://firstto5.ai/cases/2014/13-1314 (accessed Oct. 8, 2026).
First to Five. (2026). Arizona State Legislature v. Arizona Independent Redistricting Commission, No. 13-1314. https://firstto5.ai/cases/2014/13-1314
"Arizona State Legislature v. Arizona Independent Redistricting Commission, No. 13-1314." First to Five, Oct. 8, 2026, https://firstto5.ai/cases/2014/13-1314.

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